Indonesia Biodiesel Mandate Timeline
How Indonesia's biodiesel blending obligation evolved from the first steps in 2008 to B50 (in force since 1 July 2026) and the planned B60, with the legal basis, the sectors covered, and annual allocation and realisation volumes. Every step lists its sources; where sources disagree on a figure, we say so.
Step by step
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B5
B5 (Biosolar Pertamina) Superseded
Pertamina began selling B5 biodiesel at some Jakarta stations from May 2006; this 5% blend remained the Biosolar level until it was raised to 7.5% on 15 February 2012. B5 was not itself a mandated level in Regulation 32/2008 (which required 2.5% for PSO transport).
- Legal basis
- Belum berupa mandatori: peluncuran pasar Pertamina (2006); setelah Oktober 2008 berada di atas minimum Permen ESDM 32/2008
- Sectors
- PSO transport diesel (Pertamina Biosolar), initially Jakarta fuel stations
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B2.5
B2.5 (B1–B2.5) Superseded
The first biofuel mandate took effect on 1 October 2008 with phased sector-specific minimums; the oil and gas directorate (2008) cited biodiesel at 1% for PSO transport, 2.5% for industry/commerce and 0.1% for power until end-2008, targeting 2.5% for PSO by 2010. Later ministry/media accounts say the programme began in 2008 at a 2.5% blend.
- Legal basis
- Permen ESDM No. 32 Tahun 2008 tentang Penyediaan, Pemanfaatan, dan Tata Niaga BBN (Biofuel) sebagai Bahan Bakar Lain
- Sectors
- PSO and non-PSO transport, industry & commercial, power generation (different minimum shares per sector)
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B7.5
B7.5 Superseded
Pertamina raised the FAME content of Biosolar from 5% to 7.5% effective 15 February 2012, with a 2012 state-budget biodiesel quota of 722,000 kL. Sources disagree on timing: later ministry/media accounts say 7.5% was reached during 2008–2010.
- Legal basis
- Permen ESDM No. 32 Tahun 2008 (kadar 7,5% melampaui minimum 2,5% untuk transportasi PSO); kenaikan dilakukan Pertamina
- Sectors
- PSO (subsidised) transport Biosolar
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B10
B10 Superseded
The blend rose from 7.5% to 10% from September 2013 under Regulation 25/2013; average biodiesel use climbed from 62 million litres/month (Jan–Aug 2013) to 140 million litres/month (Sep–Dec 2013). EBTKE's 2015 tables show B10 for PSO, non-PSO and industry from January/July 2014, with power plants at 20%.
- Legal basis
- Permen ESDM No. 25 Tahun 2013 (perubahan pertama atas Permen 32/2008); jadwal kemudian diperbarui lewat perubahan kedua (dilaporkan Permen ESDM No. 20 Tahun 2014)
- Sectors
- PSO and non-PSO transport, industry, commerce, power generation (higher share for power plants)
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B15
B15 Superseded
B15 applied from April 2015 under Regulation 12/2015, with April–December 2015 biodiesel demand estimated at 3.84 million kL (1.92 million PSO + 1.92 million non-PSO). From August 2015 the biodiesel–diesel price gap began to be funded by palm oil export levies via BPDPKS.
- Legal basis
- Permen ESDM No. 12 Tahun 2015 (perubahan ketiga atas Permen 32/2008), ditetapkan 18 Maret 2015
- Sectors
- Micro business, fisheries, agriculture, transport & public service (PSO), non-PSO transport, industry & commerce at 15%; power plants at 25%
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B20
B20 Superseded
The blend rose to 20% (B20) on 1 January 2016 as scheduled in Regulation 12/2015. The ministry acknowledged that the B20 obligation begun in 2016 was not fully implemented until its expansion to non-PSO in September 2018.
- Legal basis
- Permen ESDM No. 12 Tahun 2015 (jadwal 20% mulai Januari 2016)
- Sectors
- Schedule: PSO, non-PSO, industry & commerce 20%; power plants 30%. In practice BPDPKS incentives covered PSO only, so non-PSO uptake lagged
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B20
B20 (perluasan non-PSO) Superseded
From 1 September 2018 B20 became mandatory in all sectors and BPDPKS funding was extended to non-PSO diesel; fuel companies failing to blend face a fine of Rp6,000 per litre. The ministry projected 2018 uptake at 3.92 million kL.
- Legal basis
- Perpres No. 66 Tahun 2018 (15 Agustus 2018, perubahan kedua Perpres 61/2015); Permen ESDM No. 41 Tahun 2018 (diundangkan 24 Agustus 2018), diubah Permen ESDM No. 45 Tahun 2018
- Sectors
- All sectors: PSO, non-PSO (transport, industry, mining), commercial, power generation; BPDPKS incentives extended to non-PSO
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B30
B30 Superseded
President Joko Widodo launched B30 on 23 December 2019 at a Jakarta fuel station, effective nationwide on 1 January 2020. 2020 realisation of 8.46 million kL fell short of the 9.6 million kL target due to the pandemic.
- Legal basis
- Permen ESDM No. 12 Tahun 2015 (jadwal 30% mulai Januari 2020); Kepmen ESDM No. 227 K/10/MEM/2019 (15 Nov 2019, uji coba B30); alokasi tahunan lewat Kepmen (mis. 252.K/10/MEM/2020 untuk 2021)
- Sectors
- PSO and non-PSO transport, industry & commerce, power generation (30%)
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B35
B35 Superseded
The President directed B35 at the 6 December 2022 cabinet meeting; B35 took effect on 1 February 2023 with an allocation of 13,148,594 kL, phased in over 1–21 February 2023 depending on remaining B30 stock. Sources cite different legal instruments (Kepmen 205, 208, DG decree 3.K/2023, circular 10.E/2022).
- Legal basis
- Kepmen ESDM No. 205.K/EK.05/DJE/2022 (15 Des 2022, alokasi 2023); Kepmen ESDM No. 208.K/EK.05/DJE/2022 (28 Des 2022, implementasi B35, per Pertamina); Kepdirjen EBTKE No. 3.K/EK.05/DJE/2023 (pedoman pencampuran); SE Dirjen EBTKE No. 10.E/EK.05/DJE/2022
- Sectors
- PSO and non-PSO diesel distributed by fuel companies
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B40
B40 Superseded
B40 took effect on 1 January 2025 (decree announced 3 January) with a B35 stock run-down until 28 February 2025; the 2025 allocation was 15.6 million kL (7.55 PSO + 8.07 non-PSO) and realisation 14.2 million kL. Superseded by B50 from 1 July 2026.
- Legal basis
- Kepmen ESDM No. 341.K/EK.01/MEM.E/2024 tentang Pemanfaatan BBN Jenis Biodiesel sebagai Campuran BBM dalam rangka Pembiayaan oleh BPDPKS (40%); alokasi 2026 lewat Kepmen 439.K/EK.01/MEM.E/2025
- Sectors
- PSO and non-PSO; 24 biodiesel producers, 2 fuel companies (PSO & non-PSO) and 26 fuel companies (non-PSO) in 2025
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B50
B50 In force
B50 has been mandatory since 1 July 2026 and was inaugurated by President Prabowo on 9 July 2026; B40 stock could be sold until 30 September 2026, with full B50 at all fuel stations targeted from 1 October 2026. As of 8 September 2026 about 6,050 stations (94%) were selling B50; the 2026 allocation was revised to 16.7 million kL.
- Legal basis
- Kepmen ESDM No. 257.K/EK.01/MEM.E/2026 (ditetapkan 17 Juni 2026, berlaku 1 Juli 2026; mencabut Kepmen B40 berpembiayaan BPDP); spesifikasi Kepdirjen Migas 75.K/MG.06/DJM/2026; payung Permen ESDM No. 4 Tahun 2025
- Sectors
- All types of diesel fuel marketed domestically (PSO and non-PSO)
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B60
B60 Planned
After inaugurating B50 the President asked for development to continue to B60; on 2 September 2026 the deputy energy minister cited a 2027 target. The specification (100% FAME or ~10% HVO added) is still under study, with results expected in December 2026.
- Legal basis
- Belum ada instrumen hukum; arahan Presiden dan kajian Kementerian ESDM
- Sectors
- Planned for both subsidised (PSO) and non-subsidised (non-PSO) fuel
Allocation vs realisation (million kL)
Download CSV →| Year | Mandate | Allocation | Realisation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | B5 | – | 0.36 | |
| Pemanfaatan biodiesel dalam negeri menurut ESDM (Jul 2013); grafik APROBI 2020 mencatat 359 ribu kL. | ||||
| 2012 | B5→B7.5 | 0.72 | 0.67 | |
| Alokasi = kuota biodiesel APBN 2012 (ESDM, 22 Feb 2012). B7,5 sejak 15 Feb 2012. | ||||
| 2013 | B7.5→B10 | – | 1.05 | |
| Grafik APROBI 2020 (1.048 ribu kL); USDA GAIN 2014 juga mencatat 1,048 miliar liter. B10 sejak 1 Sep 2013. | ||||
| 2014 | B10 | – | 1.85 | |
| Grafik APROBI 2020 (domestik 1.845 ribu kL); proyeksi USDA GAIN 2014 sebesar 1,644 miliar liter (target transportasi). | ||||
| 2015 | B10→B15 | – | 0.92 | |
| Grafik APROBI 2020. Kebutuhan B15 April–Desember 2015 diperkirakan EBTKE 3.836.297 kL (bukan alokasi formal); realisasi jauh di bawahnya. | ||||
| 2016 | B20 | – | 3.01 | |
| Grafik APROBI 2020 (domestik 3.008 ribu kL); angka ESDM yang dibuka belum ditemukan. | ||||
| 2017 | B20 | – | 2.57 | |
| Grafik APROBI 2020 (domestik 2.572 ribu kL). | ||||
| 2018 | B20 (non-PSO sejak Sep) | – | 3.75 | |
| Grafik APROBI 2020 (3.750 ribu kL). Databoks/ESDM menulis 3,8 juta kL; proyeksi ESDM Agustus 2018 3,92 juta kL. | ||||
| 2019 | B20 | – | 6.39 | |
| Dirjen EBTKE (Jan 2021); APROBI juga 6,39 juta kL. Target produksi ESDM 2019 7,37 juta kL; prognosis awal Jan 2020 6,26 juta kL. | ||||
| 2020 | B30 | 9.60 | 8.46 | |
| Target 9,6 juta kL (ESDM, 22 Des 2020). IDX Channel/Databoks menulis realisasi 8,40/8,4 juta kL; ESDM menyebut 8,46 juta kL. | ||||
| 2021 | B30 | 9.41 | 9.30 | |
| Alokasi awal 9,2 juta kL (Kepmen 252.K/10/MEM/2020, 18 Des 2020), ditambah 213.033 kL lewat Kepmen 149.K/EK.05/DJE/2021. Realisasi 9,3 juta kL dari ESDM (23 Jan 2026). | ||||
| 2022 | B30 | 11.03 | 10.45 | |
| Alokasi awal 10.151.018 kL (Kepmen 150.K/EK.05/DJE/2021), dinaikkan menjadi 11,02 juta kL (Kepmen 160.K/EK.05/DJE/2022, 12 Sep 2022). Rekap ESDM Jan 2026 membulatkan realisasi menjadi 10,4 juta kL. | ||||
| 2023 | B35 (B30 Jan) | 13.15 | 12.30 | |
| Alokasi Kepmen 205.K/EK.05/DJE/2022. Realisasi: 12,3 juta kL (ESDM, Jan 2026) vs 12,15 juta kL (Direktur Bioenergi, Jan 2024). | ||||
| 2024 | B35 | 13.41 | 13.20 | |
| Alokasi 13,41 juta kL (Direktur Bioenergi, Jan 2024; CNBC: 13,4 juta kL). Realisasi 13,2 juta kL menurut ESDM (Jan 2026). | ||||
| 2025 | B40 | 15.62 | 14.20 | |
| Alokasi 15,62 juta kL (PSO 7,55 + non-PSO 8,07 juta kL; ESDM/CNBC: 15,616 juta kL). Target IKU 13,5 juta kL; realisasi 105,2% dari IKU. | ||||
| 2026 | B40→B50 | 16.70 | – | |
| Alokasi awal 15.646.372 kL (Kepmen 439.K/EK.01/MEM.E/2025; PSO 7.454.600 + non-PSO 8.191.772 kL), direvisi menjadi 16,7 juta kL untuk B50 (Argus, nomor Kepmen revisi tidak disebut; PSO 8,2 + non-PSO 8,5 juta kL). Tahun berjalan: realisasi 10,69 juta kL s.d. 7 Sep 2026 (B40 7,27 + B50 ~3,4 juta kL). | ||||
Funding & pricing milestones
- May 2006 — Pertamina starts selling B5 Biosolar at some Jakarta stations [source]
- 1 October 2008 — Biofuel mandate under Energy Ministry Regulation 32/2008 takes effect [source]
- August 2010 — Directorate General of New & Renewable Energy (EBTKE) established; biofuel oversight later moves from the oil and gas directorate [source]
- 15 February 2012 — Pertamina raises the Biosolar blend from 5% to 7.5% [source]
- 1 September 2013 — B10 takes effect (Regulation 25/2013) [source]
- 2015 — Biodiesel index price formula: (CPO + US$188/t) x 870 kg/m3 (Ministerial Decree 0726/2015), with a planned cut to +US$125/t [source]
- 18 March 2015 — Regulation 12/2015 issued: schedule of B15 (2015), B20 (2016), B30 (2020) [source]
- 25 May 2015 — Government Regulation 24/2015 on plantation fund collection promulgated (signed 18 May 2015) [source]
- 25 May 2015 — Presidential Regulation 61/2015 on palm oil fund collection and use (incl. biodiesel financing) promulgated (signed 18 May 2015) [source]
- 11 June 2015 — BPDPKS established by Finance Ministry Regulation 113/PMK.01/2015 (effective on promulgation) [source]
- July 2015 — Palm oil export levy begins (US$50/t CPO) to fund biodiesel incentives [source]
- August 2015 — Palm-fund-backed biodiesel distribution (price-gap incentive) begins [source]
- 1 January 2016 — B20 takes effect as scheduled in Regulation 12/2015 [source]
- 15 August 2018 — Presidential Regulation 66/2018 extends palm fund incentives to non-PSO biodiesel [source]
- 1 September 2018 — B20 expanded to all sectors (Regulation 41/2018) [source]
- 23 December 2019 — President Joko Widodo launches B30 [source]
- 1 January 2020 — B30 takes effect nationwide [source]
- 1 February 2023 — B35 takes effect [source]
- 2024 — Current biodiesel index price formula: (average KPB CPO + US$85/t) x 870 kg/m3 + freight (Decree 3.K/EK.05/DJE/2024) [source]
- 18 October 2024 — Presidential Regulation 132/2024 promulgated: BPDPKS to become BPDP (palm, cocoa, coconut); Regulation 61/2015 revoked [source]
- 1 January 2025 — B40 takes effect (Decree 341.K/EK.01/MEM.E/2024) [source]
- 17 January 2025 — Finance Ministry Regulation 6/2025 takes effect: BPDPKS formally becomes the Plantation Fund Management Agency (BPDP) [source]
- 7 April 2026 — Decree 113.K/EK.05/MEM.E/2026 on biofuel phasing presented to stakeholders [source]
- 17 June 2026 — Decree 257.K/EK.01/MEM.E/2026 (B50) signed [source]
- 1 July 2026 — B50 mandate takes effect; B40 stock transition until 30 September 2026 [source]
- 9 July 2026 — President Prabowo inaugurates B50 at KM 57 rest area (Jakarta–Cikampek toll road) and asks to move on to B60 [source]
- 29 July 2026 — 2026 biodiesel allocation revised to 16.7 million kL for B50 [source]
- 2 September 2026 — Deputy energy minister: B60 targeted from 2027 [source]
- 1 October 2026 — Transition ends; B50 targeted at all fuel stations [source]